Aortic stenosis is one of the most common and serious heart valve diseases, predominantly affecting elderly individuals. This condition involves the narrowing of the aortic valve, restricting blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. Over time, the heart must work harder to pump blood, leading to severe complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and even sudden cardiac death.

Patients with aortic stenosis often experience symptoms such as chest pain, breathlessness, dizziness, fainting, and fatigue. Without timely intervention, the condition can significantly impair quality of life and increase mortality rates.

For decades, Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement (SAVR) has been the gold standard treatment for severe aortic stenosis. However, not all patients are suitable candidates for this invasive procedure due to the risks associated with age and underlying health conditions. This is where Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) comes in—a revolutionary alternative that provides hope for many patients in India and Chennai.

 

What is TAVR?

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR), also known as Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI), is a minimally invasive procedure that replaces a diseased aortic valve without requiring open-heart surgery. Instead of making a large chest incision, the new valve is inserted via a catheter, usually through an artery in the leg (femoral artery) and guided to the heart. Once in place, the new valve expands and takes over the function of the diseased valve.

This innovative procedure has transformed the treatment landscape for aortic stenosis, offering patients a safer and faster recovery alternative to traditional surgery.

 

Who is a Candidate for TAVR in India and Chennai?

TAVR is primarily recommended for patients who are considered high or intermediate risk for open-heart surgery. This includes:

  • Elderly patients (above 65–70 years) with severe aortic stenosis.
  • Patients with multiple comorbidities such as diabetes, kidney disease, lung disease, or prior heart surgeries.
  • Individuals who are frail or have mobility issues that make surgery a high-risk option.
  • Patients who have undergone previous heart surgeries and cannot tolerate another major operation.
  • Those with anatomical considerations that make open-heart surgery less viable.

A heart team, including a leading cardiologist for TAVR in Chennai and a cardiac surgeon, will perform a comprehensive evaluation using imaging tests (echocardiograms, CT scans, and angiograms) to determine the best course of treatment.

 

Benefits of TAVR Over Traditional Surgery

1. Minimally Invasive Approach

Unlike conventional valve replacement surgery, TAVR does not require opening the chest or stopping the heart. This leads to:

  • Reduced trauma to the body
  • Minimal scarring
  • Lower risk of infection

2. Faster Recovery Time

Patients who undergo TAVR typically spend only 2-5 days in the hospital compared to the prolonged recovery associated with open-heart surgery. Most individuals return to daily activities within weeks rather than months.

3. Lower Risk of Complications

Since TAVR avoids major surgical incisions and general anesthesia, it is associated with:

  • Lower risk of infections
  • Reduced chances of excessive bleeding
  • Fewer post-surgical complications like stroke or kidney dysfunction

4. Improved Quality of Life

Clinical studies have shown that patients who undergo TAVR experience significant improvement in symptoms, better heart function, and an enhanced ability to perform daily activities.

The TAVR Procedure: Step by Step

  1. Pre-Procedural Assessment: The patient undergoes a series of tests, including echocardiography, CT scans, and angiograms, to determine valve size and suitability.
  2. Catheter Insertion: A small incision is made in the groin (or sometimes the chest or arm), and a thin catheter with a balloon-tipped valve is guided through the artery to the heart.
  3. Valve Deployment: Once in place, the balloon is inflated to secure the new valve inside the diseased valve.
  4. Final Adjustments and Removal: The catheter is removed, and the new valve begins functioning immediately.
  5. Post-Procedure Monitoring: The patient is observed in the ICU for a short period before being discharged within a few days.

Leading Hospitals for TAVR in Chennai and India

Several top hospitals in Chennai and across India specialize in TAVR procedures.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Is TAVR available in Chennai, India?

Yes, many leading hospitals in Chennai and across India offer TAVR, performed by highly skilled cardiologists and heart surgeons.

2. How long does a TAVR procedure take?

The procedure typically lasts 1-2 hours, much shorter than traditional open-heart surgery.

3. What is the lifespan of a TAVR valve?

TAVR valves usually last 10-15 years, depending on patient-specific factors.

4. Is TAVR covered by insurance in India?

Many health insurance providers cover TAVR under cardiac treatment plans. Patients should check with their insurance provider for details.

5. How soon can I resume normal activities after TAVR?

Most patients can resume light activities within a few weeks, but full recovery may take 2-4 weeks.

6. Is TAVR painful?

Since TAVR is minimally invasive and often performed under local anesthesia, patients experience minimal discomfort compared to open-heart surgery.

7. What are the risks associated with TAVR?

While TAVR is generally safe, potential risks include stroke, vascular complications, or valve leakage. However, the overall complication rate is significantly lower than traditional surgery.

8. How do I prepare for a TAVR procedure?

Patients may need to undergo blood tests, imaging scans, and cardiac assessments. They should follow their doctor’s instructions regarding medications and fasting before the procedure.

 

If you or a loved one is suffering from severe aortic stenosis, consult with the best cardiologist for TAVR in Chennai today to explore your treatment options.

Consultation with Dr. A.B. Gopalamurugan

Senior Interventional Cardiologist & Electrophysiologist

Consultation Locations:

London
W1 Healthcare, 7 Russell Gardens,
London W14 8EZ, United Kingdom
+44 7425 861747

Chennai
2nd Floor, 46 & 48, Masilamani Rd, Balaji Nagar, Royapettah, Chennai,
Tamil Nadu 600014
080560 88898

Mumbai
81-84, Indian Cancer Society Formerly Lady Ratan Tata Medical & Research Centre,
M. Karve Road, Cooperage St, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400021
089400 88898